Greater Cleveland

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Cleveland–Elyria–Mentor
Greater Cleveland
—  MSA  —
Cleveland
Elyria
Mentor
Country United States
States Ohio
Largest city Cleveland
other cities
Population (2010)
 • Urban 1,780,673 (25th)
 • MSA 2,077,240 (28th)
 • CSA 3,515,646 (15th)
Time zone ET (UTC-5)
 • Summer (DST) EDT (UTC-4)
Area code(s) 216, 330, 440, 234
Map of the Cleveland-Akron-Elyria CSA prior to 2013

The Cleveland metropolitan area, or Greater Cleveland as it is more commonly known, is the metropolitan area of Northeast Ohio that contains Cleveland, Ohio, United States and its surrounding area. According to the 2010 Census, the five-county Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) consists of Cuyahoga County, Geauga County, Lake County, Lorain County, and Medina County, and has a population of 2,077,240.1 Greater Cleveland is the 28th most populous metropolitan area in the United States and largest metro entirely in Ohio.

Northeast Ohio refers to a similar but substantially larger area. This article covers the area generally considered to be Greater Cleveland, but includes some information generally applicable to the larger region, which is itself part of what is known historically as the Connecticut Western Reserve.

Contents

Combined Statistical Area

The larger Cleveland-Akron-Canton Combined Statistical Area is the 15th-largest Combined Statistical Area in the United States, and includes the above counties plus Ashtabula County, Carroll County, Erie County, Huron County, Portage County, Stark County, Summit County, and Tuscarawas County, with a population of 3,515,646.2

The Cleveland-Akron-Canton television Designated Market Area covers this area, and all of Northeast Ohio except for the Youngstown/Warren region. It is the 18th largest in the United States, according to Nielsen Media Research. Changes in house prices for Greater Cleveland are publicly tracked on a regular basis using the Case–Shiller index; the statistic is published by Standard & Poor's and is also a component of S&P's 20-city composite index of the value of the U.S. residential real estate market. The Greater Cleveland area is also part of the larger Great Lakes Megalopolis.

Northeast Ohio

Main article: Northeast Ohio

Northeast Ohio consists of 16 counties (Ashland, Ashtabula, Carroll, Columbiana, Cuyahoga, Geauga, Lake, Lorain, Mahoning, Medina, Portage, Richland, Stark, Summit, Trumbull and Wayne counties)3 and includes the cities of Cleveland, Akron, Canton, Lorain, Elyria, Medina, Ashtabula, Youngstown, and Warren. Northeast Ohio is home to approximately 4 million people, has a labor force of almost 2 million, and a gross regional product of nearly $170 billion.4 Other counties are sometimes considered to be in Northeast Ohio. These include Erie, Holmes, Huron and Tuscarawas counties, and their inclusion makes the total population of the entire northeastern section of Ohio well over 4.5 million people.5

Some geographers describe the area stretching from Cleveland to Pittsburgh as the "Steel City Corridor", encompassing the cities of Akron, Canton, and Youngstown.according to whom?citation needed

Counties

Cities, townships, and villages

Ashtabula County

Cuyahoga County

Geauga County

Lake County

Lorain County

Medina County

Portage County

Summit County

Cities by population

These, in decreasing order of population, are the ten largest cities in the Greater Cleveland of NEO (2010):

City 2010
population56
Cleveland 396,815
Akron 199,110
Parma 81,601
Lorain 64,097
Elyria 54,533
Lakewood 52,131
Cuyahoga Falls 49,652
Euclid 48,920
Mentor 47,159
Cleveland Heights 46,121

Demographics

Historical populations
Census Pop. %±
1840 138,866
—
1850 183,011 31.8%
1860 213,239 16.5%
1870 271,793 27.5%
1880 355,787 30.9%
1890 485,688 36.5%
1900 653,320 34.5%
1910 913,217 39.8%
1920 1,426,311 56.2%
1930 1,784,239 25.1%
1940 1,886,863 5.8%
1950 2,233,237 18.4%
1960 2,825,414 26.5%
1970 3,098,516 9.7%
1980 2,938,277 −5.2%
1990 2,859,644 −2.7%
2000 2,945,831 3.0%
2010 2,881,937 −2.2%
Est. 2012 2,765,797 −4.0%
U.S. Decennial Census

According to the 2010 United States Census, the population was 2.88 million in the eight-county CSA of the Greater Cleveland Area, making it the largest combined-statistical area entirely within the state of Ohio. 7 Approximately 48.2% of the population was male and 51.8% were female. In 2010 the racial makeup of the eight-county Area was 75.0% (2,161,351) Non-Hispanic Whites, 17.2% (497,033) Non-Hispanic Blacks or African Americans, 0.2% (5,608) Native American, 1.9% (55,087) Asian (0.6% Asian Indian 0.5% Chinese 0.2% Filipino, 0.% Korean, 0.1% Vietnamese, 0.1% Japanese, 0.0% (593) Pacific Islander, 1.4% (39,325) from other races, and 2.0% (58,557) from two or more races. 3.9% (112,307) of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race (2.2% Puerto Rican, 0.9% Mexican, 0.1 Spanish or Spaniard, 0.1% Cuban, 0.1% Dominican).

Akron, is the second largest city in the Greater Cleveland CSA.

The median income for a household in Greater Cleveland was $48,840 and the median income for a family, $63,228. The per capita income was $27,062. Persons living below the poverty line was 14.5%.8 According performed by Capgemini and the World Wealth Report by Merrill Lynch, the Cleveland area has nearly 54,000 millionaire household, and is expected to continue to grow at seventeen percent over the next five years.910

For the past thirty years the Greater Cleveland area population has been in decline especially in terms of Non-Hispanic whites all the while still being the most diverse region in the State.11 But at the same time has become even more increasingly diverse as well. ethnic groups. As of 2010 both the Hispanic and Asian population in the area grew by almost 40%,12 Hispanics now number at 112,307 (up from 80,738 in 2000). And Asian alone accounts for 55,087 (up from 39,586 in 2000) but people who cite Asian and other ethnicites enumerate 67,231. The Chinese Americans are the oldest Asian group residing in the CSA, most visible in Cleveland's Chinatown. Nevertheless the area is also home to hundreds of Thais, Taiwanese, Pakistanis, Laotians, Cambodians, and Burmese peoples as well.

The Cleveland area is also home to some of the nation's largest Italian (numbering over 285,000), Slavic, and Hungarian populations. The Hungarian population was so great at one time that Cleveland boasted of having the highest concentration of Hungarians outside of Budapest. Cleveland-Akron area is home to a large Slavic population (17.2% far higher than the nation's rate of 6%). The Area is home to roughly 217,000 Polish, 81,000 Slovaks, 42,000 Slovenes 38,000 Czechs, 37,000 Russians, and 26,000 Ukrainians. Slavic Village and Shaker Square once had some of the larger concentration in Cleveland. Today, Slavic Village still continues to be home to many Slavic Ohioans. The Greater Cleveland area is home to the largest Slovak, Slovene, and Hugarian community in the world, outside of Slovakia, Slovenia, and Hungary.13 In addition Slovenia maintains a Consulate-General in Downtown Cleveland.14 The city of Cleveland has also received visits from the Presidents of Hungary15 and Poland.16

Greater Cleveland is home to a sizable Jewish community. According to the North American Jewish Data Bank, an estimated 86,600 people or 3.0% as of 2011, above the nation's 1.7%, and up from 81,500 in 1996. The highest proportion in Cuyahoga County at 5.5% (of the county's total population).17 Today 23 percent of Greater Cleveland's Jewish population is under 17. Twenty-seven percent of Jewish people reside in The Heights (Cleveland Heights, Shaker Heights, and University Heights). In 2010 nearly 2,800 people spoke Hebrew and 541 Yiddish.18

Cleveland area is also home to a proportional LGBT community, with an estimated 4.3% LGBT population.19 In Dec 2008, the Cleveland City Council passed a domestic partnership registry,20 followed by the Cuyahoga County Council in Jan 2011.21 In 2009 the City of Cleveland won the bid to host the 2014 Gay Games, in joint with Akron22 In 2011, Cleveland was named the twelfth "Gayest City in America" by The Advocate magazine.23

Ancestry

The top largest European ancestries were the following:2425

Place of birth

Approximately 94.8% of the metropolitan area's population was native to the United States. Approximately 93.7% were born in the U.S. while 1.1% were born in Puerto Rico, a U.S. territory, or born abroad to American parents. The rest of the population (5.2%) were foreign-born. The highest percentages of immigrants came from Europe (43.9%), Asia (35.3%), Latin America (13.3%); smaller percentages of newcomers came from Africa (3.9%), other parts of North America (3.3%), and Oceania (0.2%).24 In 2010, the number of Greater Cleveland area residents born overseas was 150,531 and the leading countries of origin were India (15,163), China (10,699), Mexico (9,988), Ukraine (7,781), Germany (6,973), Russia (5,868), Yugoslavia (5,494), United Kingdom (5,300), Italy (5,225), Philippines (5,212), Canada (4,818), Romania (3,764), Hungary (3,540), and Poland (2,981).26

Language spoken at home

English is by far the most commonly spoken language at home by residents; approximately 91.2% of the population over the age of five spoke only English at home. Spanish speakers made up 2.8% of the population; speakers of Asian languages made up 1.1% of the population; speakers of other Indo-European languages made up 3.9% of the population. Individuals who spoke languages other than the ones above represented the remaining 1.0% of the populace. As of 2011, individually in addition to English, 2.7% spoke Spanish, 0.6% German, 0.5% Arabic, and 0.5% Chinese. 1.4% also spoke a Slavic language.27

Area codes

In the 1950s, AT&T assigned Northeast Ohio the 216 area code, and in 1996, Northeast Ohio was divided into two area codes. Area code 216 was reduced in size to cover the northern half of its prior area, centering on Cleveland and its lake shore suburbs. Area code 330 was introduced for remaining outlying areas formerly covered by area code 216, including Akron, Brunswick, Canton, Medina, Warren and Youngstown.

In 1997, area code 216 was further split as the need for additional phone numbers grew. Area code 216 was again reduced in geographical area to cover the city of Cleveland and its inner ring suburbs. Area code 440 was introduced to cover the remainder of was what previously area code 216, including the communities of Mentor, Elyria, Painesville, North Ridgeville, Strongsville, Brecksville, Lorain, Westlake, and other Greater Cleveland communities. Although 216 numbers can still be assigned to communities within the Greater Cleveland, Ohio area. Some communities, such as Parma, and Parma Heights were divided into multiple area codes. In 1999, Congressman Dennis Kucinich introduced federal legislation to protect small and medium-sized cities from being split into two or more area codes.2829

In 2000, it was anticipated that the available phone numbers in area code 330 would be exhausted, and an overlay area code was introduced. Area code 234 was assigned to overlap existing area code 330. With the creation of area code 234, any new phone number in the geographical area formerly covered by area code 330 could be assigned a phone number in either the 234 or 330 area codes, with no change in local or long distance toll status. This made necessary the use of ten-digit dialing within the 330/234 area code region. After the introduction of area code 234, assignments of new telephone numbers in the area did not continue at an accelerated pace, and new phone numbers for area code 234 were not assigned until 2003.30

Economy

In 2011 the Greater Cleveland area had a GDP of $134.4 billion (up from $130.7 billion in 2008), which would rank 57th among countries. Cleveland also has the twelfth highest merchandise value at $109.2 billion.4

Business and industry

Lake Erie and the Downtown Cleveland skyline as seen from Lakewood Park, Lakewood.

More than 37% of Fortune 500 companies are present in Northeast Ohio, through corporate headquarters, major divisions, subsidiaries, and sales offices. In addition, more than 150 international companies have a presence there. As of 2006, Northeast Ohio serves as the corporate headquarters of 25 Fortune 1000 firms (shown with 2006 rankings below):

Other large employers include:

Small businesses and startups

The Council of Smaller Enterprises coordinates and advocates for small businesses in the region.3132 Many of the area's sustainability-oriented companies are tied into the network Entrepreneurs for Sustainability.3334

Shopping

Cleveland area has many options for shopping. Some of the well known shopping areas include:

Colleges and universities

Greater Cleveland is home to a number of higher education institutions, including:

Transportation

Airports

Greater Cleveland is served by international, regional and county airports, including:

Highways

The Greater Cleveland highway network

Highway notes

Public transit

The Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority operates a bus system and heavy and light rail in Cuyahoga County. Other transit agencies serve the surrounding counties and provide connections with RTA, including Laketran in Lake County, Metro in Summit County, PARTA in Portage County, SARTA in Stark County, and Lorain County Transit in Lorain County. Cleveland's RTA Red Line which started in 1955, is the eighth oldest heavy rail rapid transit in the Country In 2007, RTA was named the best public transit system in North America by the American Public Transportation Association, for "demonstrating achievement in efficiency and effectiveness."39

Culture

Theater

In addition to Playhouse Square Center, in the Cleveland Theater District, the second largest theater district in the United States, Greater Cleveland has a vibrant theater community throughout the region.

Theaters

Theatrical companies

Sports and recreation

Progressive Field, home of the Cleveland Indians

Cleveland's professional sports teams include the Cleveland Indians (Major League Baseball), Cleveland Browns (National Football League), and Cleveland Cavaliers (National Basketball Association). The Indians have two minor league affiliates in the area, the AA Akron Aeros and the Single-A Lake County Captains, who play in Eastlake. Additionally, there is an independent baseball team, the Lake Erie Crushers, in Avon.

Minor league hockey is represented in the area by the Lake Erie Monsters of the American Hockey League. They began play in the 2007–08 AHL season at the Quicken Loans Arena. The team is the minor league affiliate of the Colorado Avalanche of the NHL.

Motorsports venues in the region include Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course in Lexington and Summit Motorsports Park in Norwalk, a major NHRA venue.

The Cleveland Metroparks are a system of nature preserves that encircle the city, and the Cuyahoga Valley National Park encompasses the Cuyahoga River valley between Cleveland and Akron. The region is home to Mentor Headlands Beach, the longest natural beach on the Great Lakes.

Famous natives

See also: List of people from Cleveland, Ohio

See also

Portal icon Ohio portal
Portal icon Cleveland portal

References

  1. ^ Table of United States Metropolitan Statistical Areas
  2. ^ Table of United States Combined Statistical Areas
  3. ^ Cleveland Plus: Northeast Ohio Counties. Retrieved September 20, 2010.
  4. ^ a b http://usmayors.org/metroeconomies/0712/FullReport.pdf
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  6. ^ A Founder of Cleveland+. "About Northeast Ohio - Cleveland Plus Region - Greater Cleveland Partnership". Gcpartnership.com. Retrieved 2012-11-08. 
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  12. ^ Northeast Ohio. "Asians, Hispanics populate latest wave of Northeast". Blog.cleveland.com. Retrieved 2013-04-20. 
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  58. ^ "Carousel Current Shows". Carouseldinnertheatre.com. Retrieved 2010-08-01. 
  59. ^ "Charenton Theater Company". Charenton.org. Retrieved 2010-08-01. 
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  61. ^ "Convergence Continuum". Convergence Continuum. Retrieved 2010-08-01. 
  62. ^ "Fairmount Center for the Arts". Fairmountcenter.org. Retrieved 2010-08-01. 
  63. ^ "INDEX". Fourthwallproductions.com. Retrieved 2010-08-01. 
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