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Best Viewed With GFS!List of areas in the United States National Park System
The National Park System of the United States is the collection of physical properties owned or administered by the National Park Service. This includes all areas designated national parks and most national monuments, as well as several other types of protected areas of the United States.
As of 2012, there are 401 units of the National Park System. However, this number is somewhat misleading. For example: Denali National Park and Preserve is counted as two units, whereas Fort Moultrie is not counted as a unit because it is considered a feature of the Fort Sumter National Monument.
In addition to areas of the National Park System, the National Park Service also provides technical and financial assistance to several affiliated areas authorized by Congress. Affiliated areas are marked on the lists below.
The National Register of Historic Places is administered by the Park Service (with nearly 79,000 entries) and automatically includes all National Park System areas designated due to their historic significance. This includes all National Historical Parks/Historic Sites, National Battlefields/Military Parks, National Memorials, and some National Monuments.
Units are found in all 50 states, in Washington, D.C., and in the U.S. territories of Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, American Samoa, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and Puerto Rico.
Nearly all units managed by the National Park Service participate in the National Park Passport Stamps program.
National parks
Existing national parks
There are 59 officially-designated national parks in the United States and its dependent areas.
Disbanded national parks
| Name | Established | Disbanded | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abraham Lincoln National Park | July 17, 1916 | August 11, 1939 | Redesignated as Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historical Park. |
| Fort McHenry National Park | March 3, 1925 | August 11, 1939 | Redesignated under the unique designation of Fort McHenry National Monument and Historic Shrine. |
| General Grant National Park | October 1, 1890 | March 4, 1940 | Incorporated into Kings Canyon National Park. |
| Hawaii National Park | August 1, 1916 | September 13, 1960 | Divided into Hawaii Volcanoes National Park and Haleakala National Park. |
| Mackinac National Park | April 15, 1875 | March 2, 1895 | Transferred to Michigan; now operated as Mackinac Island State Park. |
| Platt National Park | June 29, 1906 | March 17, 1976 | Redesignated as Chickasaw National Recreation Area. |
| Sullys Hill National Park | April 27, 1904 | March 3, 1931 | Transferred to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; now operated as Sullys Hill National Game Preserve. |
National monuments
As of 2013, there are 108 U.S. national monuments, of which 80 are administered by the NPS and are listed below. All except Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument are official units.
Decommissioned national monuments
| Name | Established | Disbanded | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| Papago Saguaro National Monument | January 31, 1914 | April 7, 1930 | Transferred to Arizona; now jointly operated by the cities of Phoenix and Tempe |
| Lewis and Clark Cavern National Monument | May 11, 1908 | August 24, 1937 | Transferred to Montana; now operated as a state park |
| Father Millet Cross National Monument | August 10, 1933 | September 7, 1949 | Transferred to New York upon the closing of the adjacent military base; now operated part of Fort Niagara State Park |
| Wheeler National Monument | December 7, 1908 | August 3, 1950 | Returned to United States Forest Service |
| Holy Cross National Monument | May 11, 1929 | August 3, 1950 | Returned to United States Forest Service |
| Jackson Hole National Monument | 1943 | September 14, 1950 | Merged into Grand Teton National Park |
| Shoshone Cavern National Monument | September 21, 1909 | May 17, 1954 | Transferred to Cody, Wyoming as a municipal attraction, and later returned to the Bureau of Land Management. |
| Old Kasaan National Monument | October 25, 1916 | July 26, 1955 | Transferred to United States Forest Service |
| Castle Pinckney National Monument | August 10, 1933 | March 29, 1956 | Transferred to South Carolina, and later sold to the Sons of Confederate Veterans; site currently inaccessible and unmaintained |
| Verendrye National Monument | June 29, 1917 | July 30, 1956 | Transferred to North Dakota after the construction of the Garrison Dam; site currently flooded by the reservoir Lake Sakakawea |
| Fossil Cycad National Monument | October 21, 1922 | August 1, 1956 | Transferred to Bureau of Land Management because of severe vandalism to the site |
| Ackia Battlefield National Monument | August 27, 1935 | August 10, 1961 | Incorporated into Natchez Trace Parkway |
| Meriwether Lewis National Monument | February 6, 1925 | August 10, 1961 | Incorporated into Natchez Trace Parkway |
| Petrified Forest National Monument | December 8, 1906 | December 9, 1962 | Incorporated into Petrified Forest National Park |
| Lehman Caves National Monument | June 10, 1933 | October 27, 1986 | Incorporated into Great Basin National Park1 |
| Mound City Group National Monument | January 1, 1918 | January 2, 1992 | Incorporated into Hopewell Culture National Historical Park |
| Minidoka Internment National Monument | January 17, 2001 | May 8, 2008 | Incorporated into Minidoka National Historic Site |
National preserves
There are 18 national preserves.
National historical parks
There are 46 national historical parks.
National historic sites
The National Park Service administers most of the national historic sites. However, the U.S. Forest Service manages one, Grey Towers National Historic Site, and the Bureau of Land Management manages Fort Craig National Historic Site.
There are 89 national historic sites, of which 78 are NPS units and 11 are affiliated areas.
Disbanded national historic sites
| Name | Established | Disbanded | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| Atlanta Campaign National Historic Site | October 13, 1944 | September 21, 1950 | Transferred to state of Georgia; park never developed beyond a set of six roadside interpretive markers along the Dixie Highway. |
| Mar-A-Lago National Historic Site | October 21, 1972 | December 23, 1980 | Returned to a nonprofit foundation operated by the Post family, the original owners of the site. |
| McLoughlin House National Historic Site | June 27, 1941 | July 29, 2003 | Merged into Fort Vancouver National Historic Site. |
| St. Thomas National Historic Site | December 24, 1960 | February 5, 1975 | Transferred to Virgin Islands; currently operated as a Virgin Islands territorial park. |
Authorized national historic sites
| Name | Status |
|---|---|
| Ronald Reagan Boyhood Home National Historic Site | Pending acquisition of property |
International historic site
| Name | Location |
|---|---|
| Saint Croix Island International Historic Site | Maine/New Brunswick |
National battlefield parks
National military parks
Disbanded national military park
| Name | Established | Disbanded | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| Moore's Creek National Military Park | June 2, 1926 | September 8, 1980 | Redesignated as Moores Creek National Battlefield. |
National battlefields
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National battlefield site
| Name | Location |
|---|---|
| Brices Cross Roads National Battlefield Site | Mississippi |
National memorials
There are 28 national memorials that are NPS units and five affiliated national memorials.
Disbanded national memorials
| Name | Established | Disbanded | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| New Echota Marker National Memorial | August 10, 1933 | September 21, 1950 | Transferred to state of Georgia; currently operated as a Georgia state park. |
| Oklahoma City National Memorial | October 9, 1997 | January 23, 2004 | Transferred to the nonprofit Oklahoma City National Memorial Foundation; NPS interpretation continues at this affiliated unit. |
Authorized national memorials
| Name | Law |
|---|---|
| Adams Memorial | (authorized by Public Law 107-62) |
| Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial | (authorized by Public Law 107-117) |
| Mount Soledad National Memorial | (authorized by Public Law 108-447) |
National recreation areas
There are 18 national recreation areas.
Disbanded national recreation areas
| Name | Established | Disbanded | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cuyahoga Valley National Recreation Area | December 27, 1974 | October 11, 2000 | Redesignated as Cuyahoga Valley National Park. |
| Shasta Lake Recreation Area | May 22, 1945 | July 1, 1948 | Transferred to U.S. Forest Service |
| Lake Texoma Recreation Area | April 18, 1946 | June 30, 1949 | returned to U.S. Army Corps of Engineers |
| Millerton Lake Recreation Area | May 22, 1945 | November 1, 1957 | Transferred to state of California; currently operated by the California Department of Water Resources |
| Flaming Gorge National Recreation Area | July 22, 1963 | October 1, 1968 | Transferred to U.S. Forest Service |
| Shadow Mountain National Recreation Area | June 27, 1952 | March 1, 1979 | Transferred to U.S. Forest Service |
National seashores
There are 10 national seashores.
National lakeshores
There are four national lakeshores, located in Michigan, Indiana, and Wisconsin.
| Name | Location |
|---|---|
| Apostle Islands National Lakeshore | Wisconsin |
| Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore | Indiana |
| Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore | Michigan |
| Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore | Michigan |
National rivers
There are 5 national rivers and 10 national wild and scenic rivers administered as distinct units of the National Park System.
National reserves
| Name | Location |
|---|---|
| City of Rocks National Reserve | Idaho |
| Ebey's Landing National Historical Reserve | Washington |
| New Jersey Pinelands National Reserve (affiliated area) | New Jersey |
National parkways
| Name | Location |
|---|---|
| Baltimore-Washington Parkway (affiliated area) | Maryland, Washington, D.C. |
| Blue Ridge Parkway | Virginia, North Carolina |
| Colonial Parkway (part of Colonial National Historical Park) | Virginia |
| Foothills Parkway (part of Great Smoky Mountains National Park) | Tennessee |
| George Washington Memorial Parkway (In 1989, the Maryland and DC portions of the Parkway were renamed Clara Barton Parkway to overcome motorist confusion). | Virginia, Maryland, Washington, D.C. |
| John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Memorial Parkway | Wyoming |
| Natchez Trace Parkway | Mississippi, Alabama, Tennessee |
| Oxon Run Parkway (affiliated area) | Washington, D.C. |
| Rock Creek and Potomac Parkway (affiliated area) | Washington, D.C. |
| Suitland Parkway (affiliated area) | Maryland |
National historic and scenic trails
These National Park Service trails are part of the larger National Trails System. Only 3 of the trails are considered official units of the park system.
National cemeteries
Most national cemeteries are administered by the Department of Veterans Affairs, although a few are managed by the National Park Service and the U.S. Army. None of the cemeteries are considered official units of the system; they are all affiliated with other parks.
Transferred national cemeteries
| Name | Established | Disbanded | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chattanooga National Cemetery | August 10, 1933 | December 7, 1944 | returned to War Department |
National heritage areas
- See also:
The National Park Service provides limited assistance to national heritage areas, but does not administer them.
Other NPS protected areas and administrative groups
There are 11 NPS units of other designations, as well as other affiliated areas. The National Mall and national capital parks have many sites, some of which are also units of other designations and some are also national historic sites.
There are also various administrative groups of listed parks, such as Manhattan Sites, National Parks of New York Harbor, and Western Arctic National Parklands. The NPS also owns conservation easements (but not the land itself) for part of the area called the Green Springs National Historic Landmark District.
Disbanded other areas
| Name | Established | Disbanded | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| National Visitor Center, Washington, D.C. | March 12, 1968 | December 29, 1981 | transferred to Department of Transportation. |
| John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts | June 16, 1972 | July 21, 1994 | transferred to Kennedy Center Trustees. |
In the 1930 and 40s, the NPS developed dozens of recreational demonstration areas, most of which eventually became national or state parks.
See also
- List of the United States National Park System official units (the 401)
- List of all national parks of the world
- List of U.S. state parks
- United States Memorials
- National Park Passport Stamps
- List of National Natural Landmarks
- List of tourist attractions worldwide
References
- ^ "Great Basin National Park - Lehman Caves National Monument (U.S. National Park Service)". National Park Service. Retrieved 5 January 2012.
- ^ Jack Broom, National Parks to recognize Wing Luke Museum , Seattle Times, 2013-02-06. Accessed online 2013-02-09.
- Bureau Historian (2006). "Former National Park System Units: An Analysis".
- National Park Service. "National Monument Proclamations under the Antiquities Act"
- National Park Service Office of Public Affairs (2009). "Units in the National Park System". Last November 5, 2009. (Lists 392 NPS units by classification).
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Properties of the National Park Service by type |
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Wikivoyage has travel information related to: United States National Parks |
- Alphabetical list of places at the National Park Service website
- Former National Park System Units: An Analysis
- National Park Service
- National Park Foundation
- Parks by Date of Establishment
- America's Hidden Treasures, an essay on the lesser known National Parks
- [1] The National Park Travelers Club - an organization of individuals attempting to visit all units of the NPS
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